{"id":12853,"date":"2024-08-20T12:23:14","date_gmt":"2024-08-20T10:23:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rm-assessors.cat\/?p=12853"},"modified":"2024-08-13T13:12:06","modified_gmt":"2024-08-13T11:12:06","slug":"publicat-el-reglament-europeu-d-intel-ligencia-artificial-les-claus-de-la-seva-aplicacio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rm-assessors.cat\/es\/publicat-el-reglament-europeu-d-intel-ligencia-artificial-les-claus-de-la-seva-aplicacio\/","title":{"rendered":"Publicat el Reglament europeu d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial: les claus de la seva aplicaci\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"
El Diari Oficial de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (DOUE) ha publicat un reglament en mat\u00e8ria d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial que \u00a0no ser\u00e0 aplicable amb car\u00e0cter general fins al 2 d’agost de 2026 si b\u00e9 algunes de les seves previsions s’aplicaran abans.<\/h5>\n
\n

La intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial ha arribat per quedar-se, i suposadament per millorar la nostra vida. Per aix\u00f2 \u00e9s obligatori que la Uni\u00f3 Europea la reguli a causa de les implicacions que puguin arribar a tenir.<\/p>\n

La normativa ha estat publicada com el Reglament 2024\/1689, pel qual s’estableixen normes harmonitzades en mat\u00e8ria d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial<\/a>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Entrada en vigor<\/h3>\n

La nova normativa no s’aplicar\u00e0 fins al 2 d’agost de 2026<\/strong> si b\u00e9 les seg\u00fcents regulacions entraran en les dates que indiquem a continuaci\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • A partir del 2 de febrer de 2025<\/strong>: entrar\u00e0 en vigor la prohibici\u00f3 de determinades pr\u00e0ctiques relacionades amb la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial (IA).<\/li>\n
  • A partir del 2 d’agost de 2025<\/strong>: entraran en vigor les previsions relatives:\n
      \n
    • Als organismes notificats.<\/li>\n
    • Als sistemes d’IA generals, per\u00f2 que impliquen riscos sist\u00e8mics.<\/li>\n
    • Al sistema de governan\u00e7a de la IA a Europa.<\/li>\n
    • Bona part de l’arsenal sancionador.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • A partir del 2 d’agost de 2027<\/strong>:\u00a0 entrar\u00e0 en vigor la regulaci\u00f3 d’uns certs sistemes d’IA d’alt risc\n
        \n
      • Que siguin components de seguretat d’uns certs productes<\/li>\n
      • Que constitueixin en si mateixos aquests productes caracteritzats per requerir-se una avaluaci\u00f3 de seguretat per a la seva comercialitzaci\u00f3 o posada en servei\u00a0 (per exemple, m\u00e0quines, joguines, ascensors o productes sanitaris-).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Protecci\u00f3 de dades<\/h3>\n

        No hem d’oblidar que la IA \u00e9s un risc brutal en l’\u00e0mbit de protecci\u00f3 de dades. Al cap i a la fi, les IA \u00abaprenen\u00bb, per\u00f2 la gran pregunta \u00e9s si aprenen respectant la protecci\u00f3 de dades o no. No \u00e9s el mateix que una IA utilitzi les dades de tots els usuaris per a \u00absaber coses\u00bb, que no\u00a0 les utilitzi.<\/p>\n

        Si no utilitza les dades la IA ser\u00e0 menys efectiva, per\u00f2 ser\u00e0 m\u00e9s respectuosa amb la normativa europea. La seva aplicaci\u00f3 objectiva \u00e9s la definici\u00f3 del que hem d’entendre com a intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial, i deixa fora poques coses.<\/p>\n

        \u00c0mbit d’aplicaci\u00f3 del Reglament<\/h3>\n

        Que queda incl\u00f2s en el Reglament ?\u00a0<\/strong>El Reglament parteix d’una \u00e0mplia definici\u00f3 del que s’ha d’entendre per IA i deixa fora del seu \u00e0mbit d’aplicaci\u00f3 nom\u00e9s algunes manifestacions concretes d’aquests sistemes.<\/p>\n

        Que queda fora del Reglament ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • L’aplicaci\u00f3 de la IA per a fins militars.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Els sistemes que tingui com a finalitat el desenvolupament cient\u00edfic.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          En definitiva<\/strong> es tracta de regular els sistemes d’IA, per a fins comercials i de serveis, per\u00f2 queda fora la recerca cient\u00edfica, militar, seguretat nacional, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Mecanismes de control<\/h3>\n

          Com a mecanismes de control, hi ha tres nivells de risc definits pel Reglament.<\/p>\n

          Risc inadmissible<\/strong>, \u00e9s el que quedar\u00e0 prohibit i que va contra la UE i la seva normativa. Per exemple:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • La puntuaci\u00f3 social.<\/li>\n
          • Les t\u00e8cniques subliminals<\/li>\n
          • Aprofitar la vulnerabilitat de les persones.<\/li>\n
          • Categoritzar-les biom\u00e8tricament o recon\u00e8ixer emocions, sobretot si no \u00e9s en l’\u00e0mbit privat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Alt risc,<\/strong> que inclouria tots els sistemes amb IA que impliquen joguines, ascensors, vehicles de motor, etc. i tamb\u00e9 els sistemes d’assegurances de vida i salut, classificaci\u00f3 credit\u00edcia de les persones, promoci\u00f3, acomiadament de personal, etc.<\/p>\n

            Quant a l’alt risc hi ha molta classificaci\u00f3 i \u00e9s molt extens, a causa de la mat\u00e8ria que \u00e9s molt abstracta.<\/p>\n

            Risc baix<\/strong>, que s\u00f3n els l\u00edmits on la IA es pot desenvolupar tranquil\u00b7lament, per\u00f2 per descomptat conformement a la normativa vigent, i sotm\u00e8s a r\u00e8gim d’obligacions d’informaci\u00f3. Es podran adherir a codis de conducta de la UE.<\/p>\n

            Conv\u00e9 tenir en compte que els sistemes generals d’IA, com el CHAT GPT o GEMINI, comporten riscos sist\u00e8mics, poden causar accidents greus, ser utilitzats indegudament, ser utilitzats per a ciberatacs, etc.<\/p>\n

            Estructura administrativa de control i r\u00e8gim sancionador<\/h3>\n

            Es dissenya una estructura administrativa de control i r\u00e8gim sancionador, de fet, a Espanya ja tenim l’AG\u00c8NCIA ESPANYOLA DE SUPERVISI\u00d3 D’INTEL\u00b7LIG\u00c8NCIA ARTIFICIAL (Reial decret 729\/2023, de 22 d’agost), que ha d’inspeccionar, comprovar i sancionar en cas de mal \u00fas.<\/p>\n

            En l’\u00e0mbit europeu, l’OFICINA EUROPEA D’INTEL\u00b7LIG\u00c8NCIA ARTIFICIAL ser\u00e0 l’organisme de control al qual corresponen importants funcions.<\/p>\n

            Atenci\u00f3.<\/strong> Les multes <\/strong>per infraccions del Reglament d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial s’han fixat com un percentatge del volum de negocis anual global de l’empresa<\/strong> infractora en l’exercici financer anterior o un import predeterminat<\/strong>, si aquest fos superior, i poden arribar fins als 35 milions d’euros<\/strong> o el 7% del volum de negocis anual<\/strong> total a escala mundial de l’infractor durant l’exercici financer anterior, si aquest import fos superior.<\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            Som Gestors Administratius i gestionem la protecci\u00f3 de dades de les empreses. Consulteu-nos sense comprom\u00eds trucant al 972 208 258, o per correu electr\u00f2nic adre\u00e7at a info@rm-assessors.cat.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            El Diari Oficial de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (DOUE) ha publicat un reglament en mat\u00e8ria d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial que \u00a0no ser\u00e0 aplicable amb car\u00e0cter general fins al 2 d’agost de 2026 si b\u00e9 algunes de les seves previsions s’aplicaran abans. La intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial ha arribat per quedar-se, i suposadament per millorar la nostra vida. Per aix\u00f2 \u00e9s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":12850,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,41,15],"tags":[2891,909,2890],"class_list":["post-12853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-butlleti-mensual","category-destacats","category-rm-assessors","tag-multes-proteccio-dades","tag-proteccio-de-dades","tag-reglament-intelligencia-artificial"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPublicat el Reglament europeu d'intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial: les claus de la seva aplicaci\u00f3 | RM Assessors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rm-assessors.cat\/es\/publicat-el-reglament-europeu-d-intel-ligencia-artificial-les-claus-de-la-seva-aplicacio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Publicat el Reglament europeu d'intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial: les claus de la seva aplicaci\u00f3 | RM Assessors\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Diari Oficial de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (DOUE) ha publicat un reglament en mat\u00e8ria d’intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial que \u00a0no ser\u00e0 aplicable amb car\u00e0cter general fins al 2 d’agost de 2026 si b\u00e9 algunes de les seves previsions s’aplicaran abans. 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La intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial ha arribat per quedar-se, i suposadament per millorar la nostra vida. 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